ISSN : 2146-3123
E-ISSN : 2146-3131

Ectopic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors/Adenomas Around the Sella Turcica
Mustafa Kemal Demir1, Önder Ertem2, Deniz Kılıç2, Okan Akıncı3, Özge Ecertaştan4, Deniz Konya2, Türker Kılıç2
1Clinic of Radiology, Bahçeşehir University, Göztepe Medical Park Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
2Clinic of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir University Faculty of Medicine, Göztepe Medical Park Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
3Clinic of Radiology, University of Health Sciences Türkiye, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye
4Intern Medical Student, Bahçeşehir University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
DOI : 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2024.2023-11-90

Functional or non-secretory ectopic pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) can form around the sella turcica during the development of the adenohypophysis by differentiating and detaching from the pharyngeal roof. These tumors usually appear in the sphenoid sinus, clivus, cavernous sinus, infundibulum, and suprasellar cistern. Ectopic PitNETs typically display the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings of pituitary adenomas. However, preoperative diagnosis of PitNETs is usually challenging because of the variety of clinical and imaging presentations, locations, and sizes. Ectopic suprasellar PitNETs resemble mass lesions in the pituitary stalk. Ectopic cavernous sinus of PitNETs are typically microadenomas in the medial wall. Ectopic sphenoclival tumors are characterized by more aggressive tumor activity than the other ectopic PitNETs. Although ectopic PitNETs are exceedingly rare, they should be considered as a differential diagnosis for masses around the sella turcica. Treatment of the disease should be individualized and may include medical care, surgical resection, gamma-knife radiosurgery, and radiotherapy.

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